English acronym for Radio Frequency Identification , RFID is the technology that allows the unique identification, remotely and wirelessly, of things or people, both static and in motion, thanks to radio frequencies.
RFId is one of the technologies underlying the IoT (Internet Of Things or Internet of Things) as it is able to interconnect people, objects, services and processes, connecting the physical world to the virtual one.
RFID systems are basically composed of two components: transponders (called TAG ) and READER with antennas.
RFID transponders (TAGs) are radio frequency devices equipped with a microchip with non-volatile memory and an antenna, capable of interacting at certain electromagnetic / electrical frequencies generated by special READERS and ANTENNAS.
RFID TAGS are mainly divided into: ACTIVE RFID TAG (powered by batteries) and PASSIVE RFID TAGS (without power batteries).
Passive RFId TAGs are the most common and economical, through their integrated antenna they capture the energy needed to activate and transmit / exchange data with the Reader which generates the necessary electric / magnetic field. There are hundreds of types of passive RFId TAGs, the simplest are similar to adhesive labels called "smart labels" or "smart labels".
RFID READERS are electronic devices capable of generating specific frequencies that are propagated in the air through special antennas. There are various types of readers and antennas on the market, which can be divided into three main categories: